Euthanasia , Santhara & sanlekhana

Euthanasia	Is a medical term which means 'easy death' Act of deliberate or voluntary end of someone's life to prevent further suffering or pain to the person
Types	Active - injecting lethal substance Passive- withdrawing of life supporting system
Issue	Rights of terminally ill person once doctor ruled out any chance of survival
SC	Aruna shan Baug case 2011 ruled in favour of passive euthanasia on approval of HC and a team of Doctors on case by case A progressive, humane and sensitive treatment of complex interplay of individual dignity and social ethics  Rathinam(allowed) and Gian Kaur Case(denied) Common Cause Case , 2014: Recognized the living will
Against	Devalues human life Can became measure for cost containment on health care Abuse : Slippery slope effect allowing it for others May slow down or stop research on crippling diseases Violates  Hippocratic oath of doctors Leaves No scope for medical miracles
For	Way to relieve extreme pain Frees up medical resources (Utilatraniasm) Right to die with dignity (R to assisted Suicide ) Freeing the suffering relative from financial and mental burden Already practised in informal forms like Santhara, Samadhi 196th Law Commission Report Civil Right Personal autonomy To prevent painful agony to patient Protective guidelines to prevent misuses
International scenarios	Criminalised in Philippines, Australia, New Zealand UK Legal in Colombia, Luxemburg, Canada, Belgium
Way ahead	Draft bill have been proposed a month for time for  HC to dispose the case Medical Treatment of Terminally Ill Persons Bill 2016 Not enough safeguards : Subjective definitions like meaningful life How permanent vegetative patient can take decision or self administer Delay: HC procedure Children: allowed to take decisions Classification of patients may not pass the judicial scrutiny
Conclusion	Debate is never ending one To resolve the conflict between pain and death sooner the a comprehensive law on subject is enacted the better will it be for society

Santhara	Nikhil Soni Case Rajasthan HC Held violate of Section 306, 309 of IPC Held that Santhara is not an essential Religious Practice SC : stayed on its order
For	Right to die with Dignity Freedom of religion cannot violate R to life
Courts and essential practices Doctrine	Carry limited knowledge and expertise Privileges certain practices and gives them legal sanction Culture is subjective : they seek too give black and white Divergence of opinions