Fundamental Duties:

Issues	Low awareness legal enforceability
What	These are the duties on the citizens which are co-related with their rights Added in 42nd amendment  Recom: by Swarn singh committee Taken from USSR Article 51A 11 in number Constitutional endorsement to the Indian way of life: concept of Dharma
features	Civic and moral duties Duties: abide by the constitutions and respect its ideals and institutions like National flag and anthem cheris ideal of Freedom struggle Protect Sovereignity, intergrity and unity national service harmony and brotherhood rich heritage natural environment scientific temper, humanism Public property and non-violence Strive towards excellence Provide eduction
Critique	Vague terms and phrases like Scientific temper, composite culture No exhaustive: vote, tax etc not-Justiceable Superfluous: could be followed even if not there Little importance has been given int he constitution  by attaching it with the part 4
Importance	Reminders to the Citizens about their role in democracy Warning against anti-Indian, anti-social influences Help in validating and determining the the constitutional validity of a law. Enforceable by law: flag code of India Are necessary for a vibrant democracy Rights-duty relationship(rights without duties = anarchy) Gandhi: If only duty is followed then no need to take any care of Rights Linked with part 3 and 4 If sincerly followed then many ills in the present society like lack of harmony, women atrocities , environment protection etc can be cured
Govt.'s steps	Justice J S Verma Committee Was set up in 1998 to suggest ways for improving awareness for FD Subsequently many schemes are being implemented for this Suggested for the changes in curricula: to target Children SC: Since duties are obligatory for the citizens the state should strive to achieve the same goal. Voluntary sector involvement was also there
Need for	Apart from above steps Inculcating duties in all the oaths and pledges

• IVA -42nd CA- Swarn singh com rec
• USSR inspired , complement Rights
• citizen only , moral & civil duties
• Balance , strengthen dem, warning to anti - N, inspiration , motivation , can be enforced by law - Prevention of Insult to N Honor Act, 1971 

• X exhaustive , paying tax , casting votes
• Non -justiciable 
• Vague ,ambitious , difficult for common man 
• Added during emergency , subsequent govt didn't remove


• 86th CA - RTE as A51A (k)
• Patriotism
• Verma Com - ?
• Prevention of insult to n honours act, IPC, Forest act
• Wildlife protection act, Protection of civil R act , RPA ,