Parliamentary committees, Speaker, Leader of Opposition

Parliamentary committees	constitutional mechanisms for  Elected and appointed by the houses works under the direction of the house Constitutional mechanism to provide expertise, adequate time for scrutiny, and provide support to the parliament  2 types: Ad-hoc select and Joint PSC PAC, PEC, PCPU, departmental standing committees
Issues	non-functioning: 29% of the bills have been scrutinized Diminishing importance
Importance	Bills: scrutiny detailed, multiparty etc Finance: Executive PAC, EC, PCPU Accountability of executive Support in functioning Issues resolution Scrutinizing committees and other reports CAG,
	British model: every bill must pass thorugh this NCRWC: also recommended this
PAC	work: Examine: Appropriation and finance accounts of Union Autonomous and other bodies like UGC Audit reports of the CAG How: legality, availability, authority, wisdom, economy etc Outcome: Under assessment tax evasion etc Issues: Secrecy: closed door meeting unlike USA Post mortem Lack of expertise no suo-moto power of investigation Politicization of the proceedings Solutions Publication of the reports of the cag with in the time  Publication of ATR with in time Suo-moto powers Sufficient technical assistance  Transparency : open meeting, public the minutes, telecast, press, general public etc

Speaker	Anti-defecation Money Bill Non partisanship Part of political party Suspension of MPs and MLAs TN and Gujarat assembly Passes of bill Voice and division (appropriation of UK) Without majority (appropriation of UK) Privilege of the parliament and MPs Point of order Setting agenda of house
Suggestion	Make convention that once a speaker always a speaker Second term could be given His membership could be preserved
Supreme Court	Speaker should refrain to act on schedule 10 when a resolution of removal of him is pending in the assembly Criticism Escape route to anti-defectors Possibility of misuse Must provide Protective  measure

Leader of Opposition	Statutory 10% of the strength
Issue	2016: no Lop Parliamentary rules cannot override the laws LOP is required on several occasion Some laws provide for replacement, some not Legal ambiguity, Congress party's own track record and BJP's triumphalism should not come in the way of Office