Significance
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Political
- Chera, Chola, and Pandya
three prominent dynasties
- Monarchy
- Powerful army and navy
- Imperialistic outlook
- Chola king Karikala
conquered the Srilanka
- War and battles
Social
- Amalgamation of northern
vedic culture and Indigenous Tamil Culture
- Horizontal
classification oF tamil society rather than vertical as in vedic age
- As they reside in
different geographical regions
- Then after
coming of Northern Brahamans vertical stratification starts
- Brahmans and Non -
Brahmanas
- Manram : place of communal
gathering where fairs, festivals were organised
- Social
status of women was high
- 8 types of Marriage
Economy
- Flourishing agri, art,
craft, trade and commerce
- Textile was imp. Craft
- Metal objects
- Trade and commerce
- Indo- Roman trade
- Aricamedu
(pondichery) and Muziris were two important port
- Taxation was developed
Religious
- Local custom and belief
- Stone warship, water
worship, plant worship
- Animism
- Ritual and
- Temple in the city of Madras
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