• Problem of western, monotheistic, Semitic religion
• LOK justify presence of evil
• Theodicy - defence by theist
• Instrumentalist defence
• Prophylactic
• Moral growth evolution/discipline
• good long-range consequences
• Contrast Theodicy needed to enable people to appreciate good, realization of good - relativity
• God’s warning to people to mend their ways
• John Hick - Soul making Theodicy - man unfinished project
• 1st phase - level capable of reasoning & responsibility
• Next level - spiritualization evolve to overcome temptation, Aurbindo integral yoga
• Free will defence
• Alvin Plantinga - G created man on his s-image & gifted free will , with FW comes --> possibility of doing either good or evil , god created world so that indiv worthy of his fellowship can evolve - bcom soul , enter in kingdom of heaven
• Man have to overcome temptation of choosing wrong
• Man alone responsible for moral & natural evil
• Virtues like forgiveness , presupposes FW & actual occurrence of certain evil to be forgiven
• St August theodicy
• evil does not exist except as a privation, corruption of goodness
• punishment for this original sin (adam & Eve)
• Lebnitz - Best of all Possible Worlds Theodicy
• Reincarnation Theodicy
• World as whole is good
• Instrumentalist
• Evil produces more evil
• God subordinated to evil as instrument thus not omnipotent
• Free will defence
• God could have made man to only chose right or could have world where there is lesser wrong
• Theist - god does all thing not man , not complete FW
• Only moral evil can be explained by FW
POE can only be resolved in realm of faith
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