MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS

•  24.1. PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJANA (PMAY)- URBAN
• PMAY(Urban) & PMAY (Gramin) have been launched to achieve → Housing for All by 2022 Mission
• • provide central assistance to implementing agencies through States/Union Territories (UTs) and Central Nodal Agencies (CNAs) for providing houses to all eligible families/ beneficiaries against the validated demand for houses for about 1.12 cr.
• • Beneficiaries include Economically weaker section (EWS), low-income groups (LIGs) and Middle-Income Groups (MIGs). The annual income cap is up to Rs 3 lakh for EWS, Rs 3-6 lakh for LIG and Rs 6 to 18 lakhs for MIG.
• • The beneficiary family should not own a pucca house either in his/her name or in the name of any member of his/her family in any part of India.
• • It will provide central assistance to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and other implementing agencies through States/UTs for:
• • Credit linked subsidy component will be implemented as a Central Sector Scheme while other three components will be implemented as Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS).
• • EWS category of beneficiaries is eligible for assistance in all four verticals of the Missions whereas LIG and MIG categories are eligible under only Credit linked subsidy scheme (CLSS) component of the Mission.
• • Under the Mission, beneficiaries can take advantage under one component only.
• • The houses constructed/acquired with central assistance under the mission should be in the name of the female head of the household or in the joint name of the male head of the household and his wife, and only in cases when there is no adult female member in the family, the house can be in the name of male member of the household.
• • Flexibility to States for choosing best options to meet the demand of housing in their states
• • Central grant of Rs. one lakh per house, on an average, will be available under the slum rehabilitation programme.
• • National Housing Bank and Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) have been designated as Central Nodal Agency (CAN) for implementation of CLSS.
• • Geo-tagging for monitoring the progress of construction of houses, Public Financial Management System (PFMS) to ensure electronic fund flow and Technology Sub-Mission to implement new construction technologies, have been introduced.
• • Government has also sanctioned ‘infrastructure status’ for the affordable housing sector, giving a boost to PMAY. 
• 24.2. DEEN DAYAL ANTYODAYA YOJANA- URBAN (NATIONAL URBAN LIVELIHOODS MISSION): DAY-NULM
• To uplift the urban poor households by enhancing sustainable livelihood opportunities through skill development
• • Urban poor
• o Street Vendors
• o Slum dwellers
• o Homeless
• o Rag pickers
• • Unemployed
• • Differently abled
• NULM was launched by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (MHUPA) in 2013 by replacing the existing Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY). It provides for:
• • Employment through Skill Training and Placement through City Livelihood Centres.
• • Social Mobilization and Institution Development through formation of Self-Help Groups (SHG) for training members and hand holding, an initial support of 10, 000 is given for each group.
• • Subsidy to urban poor - An interest subsidy of 5% - 7% for setting up individual micro-enterprises with a loan of up to 2 lakhs and for group enterprises with a loan limit of up to Rs.10 lakhs.
• • Cost of construction of shelters for urban homeless is fully funded under the Scheme.
• • Other means - Development of vendor markets and also the promotion of skills for the vendors through setting up infrastructure and special projects for the rag picker and differently abled etc.
• • Recently Ministry of Housing launched a web portal named PAiSA- Portal for Affordable Credit and Interest Subvention Access. It acts as a centralized electronic platform for processing interest subvention on bank loans to beneficiaries under Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM). 
• 24.3. SMART CITIES MISSION
• • It aims to promote cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean and sustainable environment and application of 'Smart' Solutions.
• • It aims to focus on sustainable and inclusive development and to set examples that can be replicated both within and outside the Smart City, catalysing the creation of similar Smart Cities in various regions and parts of the country.
• • To improve the ease of living particularly for poor, women, elderly and differently abled.
• • The Mission will cover 100 cities and its duration will be five years (FY2015-16 to FY2019- 20).
• • The strategic components of Area-based development in the Smart Cities Mission are city improvement (retrofitting), city renewal (redevelopment) and city extension (greenfield development) plus a Pan-city initiative in which Smart Solutions are applied covering larger parts of the city.
• • It will be operated as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) and the Central Government proposes to give financial support to the Mission to the extent of Rs. 48,000 crores over five years i.e. on an average Rs. 100 crores per city per year. An equal amount, on a matching basis, will have to be contributed by the State/ULB.
• • States are asked to nominate names of cities for a ‘City Challenge Competition’ and the chosen ones will get Central fund.
• • Cities will prepare their Smart City Proposal (SCP) containing the vision, plan for mobilisation of resources and intended outcomes in terms of infrastructure up-gradation and smart applications.
• • The implementation of the Mission at the City level will be done by a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) which will be headed by a CEO and have nominees of Central Government, State Government and ULB on its Board. The SPV will be a limited company incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 at the city-level, in which State/UT and the ULB will be the promoters having 50:50 equity shareholding.
• • The private sector or financial institutions could be considered for taking equity stake in the SPV, provided the shareholding pattern of 50:50 of the State/UT and the ULB is maintained and the State/UT and the ULB together have majority shareholding and control of the SPV.
• • Funds provided by the Government of India in the Smart Cities Mission to the SPV will be in the form of tied grant and kept in a separate Grant Fund.
• • Under the SCM, 100 Smart Cities have been selected in 4 Rounds based on All India Competition. All 100 cities have incorporated Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs).
• • 20:20 model/concept: Centre has recently introduced a 100-day challenge where the top performing 20 Smart cities have been paired with the bottom 20 as sister cities. They will help the laggard cities to kick-start the smartening up process by borrowing technical know-how and financial studies.
• • Integrated Control and Command Centres (ICCC) are being setup which are contributing in providing several online services to the citizens. It has also helped in crime prevention, better surveillance and reduction in crime against women.
• Other significant initiatives under the Smart Cities Mission
• • The “Ease of Living” Index is an initiative of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) to help cities assess their liveability vis-à-vis global and national benchmarks and encourage cities to move towards an ‘outcome-based’ approach to urban planning and management.
• • India Urban Observatory: A state-of-the-art India Urban Observatory has become operational in the MoHUA. The Observatory will plug into various sources of data from cities both from real-time and archival sources for generating insights through analytics for cities, academia, industry and governments. This will greatly contribute towards evidence policy making.
• 24.4. ATAL MISSION FOR REJUVENATION AND URBAN TRANSFORMATION (AMRUT)
• The Mission will focus on the following Thrust Areas:
• • water supply,
• • sewerage facilities and septage management,
• • storm water drains to reduce flooding,
• • pedestrian, non-motorized and public transport facilities, parking spaces, and
• • enhancing amenity value of cities by creating and upgrading green spaces, parks and recreation centers, especially for children.
• • Launched in 2015, AMRUT completes its mission period in March 2020. But, Centre has decided to extend the mission period of by 2 more years till 2022.
• • Five hundred cities will be taken up under AMRUT which include:
• o All Cities and Towns with a population of over one lakh with notified Municipalities, including Cantonment Boards (Civilian areas),
• o All Capital Cities/Towns of States/ UTs, not covered in above ,
• o All Cities/ Towns classified as Heritage Cities by MoUD under the HRIDAY Scheme,
• o Thirteen Cities and Towns on the stem of the main rivers with a population above 75,000 and less than 1 lakh, and
• o Ten Cities from hill states, islands and tourist destinations (not more than one from each State).
• • It will be operated as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
• • It makes States equal partners in planning and implementation of projects, thus actualizing the spirit of cooperative federalism by replacing the project-by-project sanctions by MoUD by approval of the State Annual Action Plan once a year by the MoUD and the States have to give project sanctions and approval at their end.
• • It also involves individual and institutional capacity building of the Mission Cities and ULBs.
• • Central assistance is allocated to States/UTs based on urban population and number of statutory Urban Local Bodies leaving no scope for any discretion.
• • 10% percent of the annual budget allocation is kept apart and given to the States/UTs every year as incentive for achievement of Reforms.
• • It has decided to provide incentive to ULBs covered under AMRUT for Issuance of Municipal Bonds.
•  24.5. NATIONAL HERITAGE CITY DEVELOPMENT AND AUGMENTATION YOJANA (HRIDAY)
• Focus on holistic development of heritage cities and to preserve and revitalise soul of the heritage city to reflect the city’s unique character by encouraging aesthetically appealing, accessible, informative & secured environment.
• central sector scheme, where 100% funding will be provided by Government of India.
• The Scheme is being implemented in 12 identified Cities namely, Ajmer, Amaravati, Amritsar, Badami, Dwarka, Gaya, Kanchipuram, Mathura, Puri, Varanasi, Velankanni and Warangal. The scheme is implemented in a mission mode.
• The scheme will broadly focus on four theme areas i.e. Physical Infrastructure, Institutional Infrastructure, Economic Infrastructure & Social Infrastructure.
• Identified cities/towns will be required to prepare Heritage Management Plan (HMP) for the city/town and develop and execute Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for availing assistance under the scheme.
• 24.6. SWACHH BHARAT MISSION (URBAN)
• • Eliminate open defecation,
• • Conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets,
• • Eradication of manual scavenging,
• • 100% collection and scientific processing/disposal reuse/ recycle of Municipal Solid Waste,
• • To bring about a behavioral change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices,
• • Generate awareness among the citizens about sanitation and its linkages with public health.
• • Strengthening of urban local bodies to design, execute and operate systems,
• • To create enabling environment for private sector participation in Capital Expenditure and Operation & Maintenance (O&M) costs.
• • Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U) was launched by on 2nd October 2014 for five years (2014-2019) with an aim to make a Swachh India. With urban areas of 35 States (except 52 ULBs of West Bengal) Open Defecation Free (ODF), India has realized the vision of an ODF India.
• • The Mission has following components:
• o Construction of Household Toilets,
• o Community and Public Toilets,
• o Municipal Solid Waste Management,
• o Information, Education & Communication (IEC) and Public Awareness,
• o Capacity Building and Administrative & Office Expenses (A&OE).
• • The funding pattern between the Central Government and the State Government/ Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) is 75%:25% (90%: 10% for North Eastern and special category states).
• • The gap in financing of the components could be met by the beneficiary contribution, private funding, funds with private companies under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the Swachh Bharat Kosh of the Ministry of Finance.
• • Going forward, the Ministry will be focusing on 100% processing and safe disposal of solid waste, complete faecal sludge and septage management and wastewater treatment and reuse.
• • The Water Plus, SBM ODF + and SBM ODF ++ protocols are geared towards this objective.
• Related Initiatives
• Swachh Survekshan 2019
• • SS League 2020 was introduced with the objective of sustaining the on-ground performance of cities along with continuous monitoring of service level performance when it comes to cleanliness.
• • “Continuous Survekshan”: SS League 2020 was conducted in 3 quarters, i.e. April- June, July – September and October- December 2019.
• • The score is to be evaluated on the basis of monthly updation of SBM-U online MIS (Management Info system) by cities along with citizen’s validation on the 12 service level progress indicators through outbound calls. (No direct observation is there in SS League 2020)
• o (SBM(U) MIS project recently won a e-governance award.)
• • Ranks have been assigned in two categories, namely, cities with population of one lakh and above and cities with population of less than 1 lakh.
• • The performance of cities in SS League 2020 is crucial to their ranking in Swachh Survekshan 2020 due to the 25% weightage of the quarterly assessments to be included in the annual survey
• SBM ODF+ and ODF++ Protocol
• • The original ODF protocol, issued in March 2016, said, “A city/ward is notified as ODF city/ward if, at any point of the day, not a single person is found defecating in the open. With 18 states / UTs and 3,223 cities declared ODF.
• • The ODF+ protocol says that a city, ward or work circle could be declared ODF+ if, “at any point of the day, not a single person is found defecating and/or urinating in the open, and all community and public toilets are functional and well-maintained.”
• • The ODF++ protocol adds the condition that “faecal sludge/septage and sewage is safely managed and treated, with no discharging and/or dumping of untreated faecal sludge/septage and sewage in drains, water bodies or open areas.”
• Water Plus Protocol
• • It aims to provide a guideline for cities and towns to ensure that no untreated waste-water is released into the environment thereby enabling sustainability of the sanitation value chain.
• Swachh Swasth Sarvatra (SSS)-Urban
• • It will be implemented in convergence between MoHUA and MoHFW
• • Scope of activities:
• o Enabling and supporting wards/cities where Kayakalp Urban-Public Health Centres/U-CHCs are located to become/sustain ODF
• o Strengthening U-PHCs/U-CHCs that have Kayakalp score of below 70% in ODF wards/cities to progress to higher score
• o Build capacity through training in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) to nominees of health facilities and ULBs.
• Star Rating of Garbage Free Cities launched by MOHUA
• • The star-rating initiative will be rating cities on a 7-star rating system based on 25 key parameters for solid waste management, which will include Door to Door Collection, bulk generator compliance, source segregation, sweeping, scientific processing of waste, scientific land filling, plastic waste management, construction and demolition management, dump remediation & citizen grievance redressal system etc.
• • Cities are required to carry out self-assessment and self-verification for achieving a certain star rating. Citizens have to be involved as well. This self-declaration will be further verified through an independent third-party agency appointed by MoHUA for 1-star, 3-star, 5-star and 7-star garbage free ratings.
• e-Dharti App and E-Dharti Geo Portal
• • Land & Development Office (L&DO) deals with public applications which are mainly related to Conversion of property from leasehold to freehold, Substitution of names of legal heirs and Mutation in the name of purchaser, etc.
• • Under this app, all the three modules i.e. Conversion, Substitution and Mutation have been made online for public to submit their applications related to these.
• • The portal is a GIS based mapping of each and every Government property under L&DO (Land & Development Office), whether it is allotted or still lying vacant.