Vaisesika


  • Pluralistic realism
  • Kanada
  • Vishesha - particularity
  • MAG k FB
  • IDP (s,d,j)
Theory of Categories;

  • Padartha / Category - Real, Nameable, Knowable
  • Bhava
    • Dravya - Substance - 9 material & spiritual | Vaisesika =/ Materialistic
      • Ult. Substance, self- subsistence, abs, eternal, individual,
      • Compound Substance--> transient, impermanent, subject to production & destruction
      • the substratum of Gunas, Karmas, the material cause of everything
      • Earth, Water, Fire, Air- ult element, supersensible,  partless, unique atom, combine to form diatom, tri atom, tetra atom, static & immobile, God provides dynamism, Adrsta - influence integration & disintegration
      • Ether - ~, a substratum of sound, not atomistic
      • Space & Time - one, imperceptible, all-pervading
        • S -cause of cognition of East, West, North, South, near, far. - different from ether
        • T- cause of cognition of past, future, present, younger, older
      • Atma -unconsciousness, acquire consciousness  after associating with mana, body 
      • Mana- mind, internal sense organ, many, Imperceptible,  atomic but doesn't give rise to compound object, allow a substance to come in contact with object, inferred from a perception of internal cognition
    • Guna - Attributes - permanent & static - 24 types
      • Inheres in S & depend on S / Dravya
      • Separate Categ. - Conceived, thought & named independent of S
      • Not constitutive cause of anything
      • Ex- Color, taste-rasa, smell- gandha, sparsha , Samkhya- no, size, pleasure, pain, desire, aversion, Samyoga - conjunction, Vibhag 
    • Karma - Action - Dynamic, transient features
      • Inheres in S & depend on S / Dravya
      • Separate Categ. - Conceived, thought & named independent of S
      • Not constitutive cause of anything
      • 5 Action upward, downward, contraction, expansion, locomotion   
    • Samanya - Universal  - class concept, the essence
      • The common character of things which fall under same class
      • Ex. Cowness inhers in all cow
    • Vishesha - Particular
      • Allow distinction b/n objects of the same class - ex- 1 soul from another
      • Allow distinction b/n different dravya i.e earth form water etc
      • Compound are not real particular 
    • Samvaya - Inherence 
  • Abhava
    • Abhava

Kyati
  • Theory of Appearance;
  • Th of Illusion, Error- 
  • Atmakhyati - vijyanvadi
  • Asatkhyati - Madhyamika
  • Anyatha khyati -NV
  • Akhyati - Prabhakar
  • Viprit Khyati - Kumaril
  • Anirvachniya Kyati - Shankar
  • Sat- Kyati - Ramanuja

Self

  • Atma - consciousness not quality, but contingent & accidental
  • Self - indestructible, eternal, ~, all-pervading, 6 Gunas IDP Coaching
    • Iccha - Desires
    • Dvesha - aversion
    • Praytna - Volition
    • Sukh - Pleasure
    • Dukh - Pain
    • Jnana - Know 
Proof of Atma

  • Old Nyayikas
    • Testimonies of scripture, spiritual auth
    • Inference from function of Ichha, Dvesha, Prayatna (IDP)
    • Feeling Sukh, Dukh & Coordinator of Jnana
  • Later Nyayikas

Liberation

  • Apavarga- Abs freedom form all pain & suffering is liberation
    • Sravan -listening to scriptural instruction
    • Manan - Firmly est.ing know of s by reasoning 
    • Nididhyasan - Meditating on self

God

  • 1, infinity, eternal self, omnipotent, omniscient
  • Grace of God needed in the liberation
  • Efficient cause - not material cause, Karmaphaldata, external consciousness inseparable attribute, 6 perfections (Sadasvairya) MAG K FB
  • All Majestic, all almighty, all glorious,
  • Infinity Know, Infinity & perfect freedom, Infinity beautiful
  • - God in bonded
  • - God depended on the atom for creation of the world



Proofs for the Existence of God;

Kusumanjali - kavadp2s2

  • Karyat - Causal argument, efficient cause world is effect must have efficient cause i.e God
  • Ayojnat- Dynamism to atom
  • Vakyat-
  • Adrastat - Adrasta argument
  • Dhrtyadeh - Support to the world - contingent arg
  • Padarth - Word meaning
  • Pratyayatah - Authoritativeness of scripture
  • Shrutey - Testimony of Shruti
  • Samkya visesta - Numerical Concept
  • Refuted by Shankara & Ramanuja - destroy reason to establish faith 

Atomistic Theory of Creation

  • Asatkaryavada
  • Parmanu nitya vada

Theory of Causation;

  • Asatkaryavada



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