SHG
• Small , s governed , peer controlled informal grp of ppl with similar se background and having desire to collectively perform common purpose
• Evolved from Mohammed Yunus - Grameen bank , 1975
• Evolution - 7th FYP , 1985 -90
• RBI , 92 circular - Nabard - SHG linkages
• 7.5 mn shg , 9.7 mn poor linked to bank
• $ 17 b n turnover
• Swarn jyanti gram swarojgar yojana , 1999 , NRLM , 2011
• Benefits - local area understanding , similar se profile , rural poverty alleviation , eco empowerment of women (46 mn poor women), strong integrity & cohesion lead social movement against evil practice, financial intermediate solution - reduction in ML, conflict solving through collective decision making, collateral free loan market driven interest , meet emergency need , smoothen credit flow , can be developed at remote location , pressure grp for panchayat , social uditing , social justice , linkage to companies in rural area (raw material , product)
• SHG - social mobilization , training -cab building , financing - bank credit & govt subsidy
• Issues - technology , market access , poor infra , focus on agri only , lack of training & capacity bldg , politicization , credit mobilization (50% borrow money from ML), scale up , regional divide (s. ind - 70%), ever greening of loan , agriculture credit disbursement low
• Measure - priority sector lending , DAY-NRLM (alleviate rural poverty), Mahila kisan shashakti karan pariyojana (agro ecology)
• Wf - backward linkages with tech , forward linkage with market , adequate insurance coverage , training related to finance , maintaining account , production skill development , encourage shg in excluded areas
Development aid
• India development paradox
• Corruption - siphoned by govt official
• Identification of project
• Debt servicing
• ODA by OECD commitment of 0.7 % pf gdp (few achieved )
• Idea's foreign aid budget 1.6 bn in 16 -17 (more than received)
• Rightful claimant of permanent seat in unsc
• Neighbourhood 1st policy Bhutan > Afghan (ind 2nd in afghan) , srilanka
• Soft power
• Counter china influence
• Disaster relief SA disaster prone
Micro finance inst / micro credit
• Type of banking service that is provided to unemployed or low income indiv or grp
• Forms - joint liability grp , shg , grameen bank model , rural coop (skill provided)
• 4 crore HH received 6.3 crore microcredit loan
• Benefit - women empowerment , rural development , financing the unfinanced , jobs , trade ,economic inclusion
• Issue - high interest rate (12 -30 %), overdependence on banking sector , regulatory issue , appropriate model
• Wf - tech , field supervision , ops efficiency , check ground realities
Pressure grp
• PP - try to gain political power through const mean ex INC
• PG - org social grp share common interest & influence public policy in line of their interest - FICCI, BKMS
• Similarities - structured grp , directly & indirectly influence political sys, rely on recruited member to fund & serve org, voluntary ppl free to join or leave
• Difference - PP nominate candidate , contest election , PG influence who are in power , PG - conventional & non -conventional mean like demonstration , protest , lobbying, PP - const & legal means, PG emerges & dissolves based on interest ex - IAC , PP continues for long time - INC, PP - have larger interest N, Int , have political ideology Pg - specific interest, no ideology
• Small , s governed , peer controlled informal grp of ppl with similar se background and having desire to collectively perform common purpose
• Evolved from Mohammed Yunus - Grameen bank , 1975
• Evolution - 7th FYP , 1985 -90
• RBI , 92 circular - Nabard - SHG linkages
• 7.5 mn shg , 9.7 mn poor linked to bank
• $ 17 b n turnover
• Swarn jyanti gram swarojgar yojana , 1999 , NRLM , 2011
• Benefits - local area understanding , similar se profile , rural poverty alleviation , eco empowerment of women (46 mn poor women), strong integrity & cohesion lead social movement against evil practice, financial intermediate solution - reduction in ML, conflict solving through collective decision making, collateral free loan market driven interest , meet emergency need , smoothen credit flow , can be developed at remote location , pressure grp for panchayat , social uditing , social justice , linkage to companies in rural area (raw material , product)
• SHG - social mobilization , training -cab building , financing - bank credit & govt subsidy
• Issues - technology , market access , poor infra , focus on agri only , lack of training & capacity bldg , politicization , credit mobilization (50% borrow money from ML), scale up , regional divide (s. ind - 70%), ever greening of loan , agriculture credit disbursement low
• Measure - priority sector lending , DAY-NRLM (alleviate rural poverty), Mahila kisan shashakti karan pariyojana (agro ecology)
• Wf - backward linkages with tech , forward linkage with market , adequate insurance coverage , training related to finance , maintaining account , production skill development , encourage shg in excluded areas
Development aid
• India development paradox
• Corruption - siphoned by govt official
• Identification of project
• Debt servicing
• ODA by OECD commitment of 0.7 % pf gdp (few achieved )
• Idea's foreign aid budget 1.6 bn in 16 -17 (more than received)
• Rightful claimant of permanent seat in unsc
• Neighbourhood 1st policy Bhutan > Afghan (ind 2nd in afghan) , srilanka
• Soft power
• Counter china influence
• Disaster relief SA disaster prone
Micro finance inst / micro credit
• Type of banking service that is provided to unemployed or low income indiv or grp
• Forms - joint liability grp , shg , grameen bank model , rural coop (skill provided)
• 4 crore HH received 6.3 crore microcredit loan
• Benefit - women empowerment , rural development , financing the unfinanced , jobs , trade ,economic inclusion
• Issue - high interest rate (12 -30 %), overdependence on banking sector , regulatory issue , appropriate model
• Wf - tech , field supervision , ops efficiency , check ground realities
Pressure grp
• PP - try to gain political power through const mean ex INC
• PG - org social grp share common interest & influence public policy in line of their interest - FICCI, BKMS
• Similarities - structured grp , directly & indirectly influence political sys, rely on recruited member to fund & serve org, voluntary ppl free to join or leave
• Difference - PP nominate candidate , contest election , PG influence who are in power , PG - conventional & non -conventional mean like demonstration , protest , lobbying, PP - const & legal means, PG emerges & dissolves based on interest ex - IAC , PP continues for long time - INC, PP - have larger interest N, Int , have political ideology Pg - specific interest, no ideology
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