Workers’ Movement in Modern India

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Workers’ Movement 
  • Sorabjee Shapoorji Bengalee – first activist
  • Narayan Meghjee - Dinbankli; Bombay Mill & Millhands Association (1890)
Early Nationalists
  • wanted to maintain the unity of movement & didn’t favor the class organization 
  • Favored quick & rapid industrialization Swadeshi – 
BC Pal, GS Aiyar – unionize & fight for rights
Strikes were called when leaders arrested (Tilak) 

Gandhi
  • Ahmedabad Mill ‘18
  • Strikes by workers for Rowlatt, NCM
1920 – AITUC by NM Joshi; Lalaji (President)
  • Got boost with the communist movement
  • 6-month strike in Bombay Textile Mill (‘28) 
  • Workers’ & Peasants’ Party with many branches 
Govt’s counter
  • Coercion – Public Safety Act, Trade Disputes Act,
  • Meerut Conspiracy Case 
  • Concessions – Royal Labour Commission 
Split in 1929 – Later
  • AITUC – Communist
  • ITUC – Congress
  • Hind Majdoor Sabha – Socialist
Workers maintained cultural dual self (peasant + worker) & were divided on lines of religion & caste Hence, Workers’ action was motivated by community consciousness rather than class consciousness

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