• 2011 - 1.2 bn , density - 382/km
• World population prospects , 2019 - Surpass china - by 2027 - 1.44 bn
• 1/6th world population 1.37 bn
• Annual growth rate 1.64 %
• Distribution of population
• Geographic factor - water availability, land form - Brahmaputra valley vs Arunachala hills, climate , soil
• Economic - availability of natural resources mines, mineral (Jharkhand) , industrialization(DMIC, Mumbai), urbanization
• SCulture - religious-culture place, Varanasi, peaceful area - no unrest
• Admin factor - govt policy , incentives - gurugram
• Historical - calcutta , Chennai
• Age 21
• Antrya chaya prerna - motivation , santushi -
Census Figures
• Decadal growth rate - 17.7 % (rural - 12.3, Urban -32%)
• Population density 382 from 325
• Greatest population UP, Maharashtra, Bihar, W Bengal,
• Women sex ratio - 943 from 933
• CSR - 919 from 927
• Highest SR - Kerala , Tamil Naidu , AP, CG
• Lowest SR - HR , JK , Sikkim , PJ, UP
• Literacy figures - 73 from 65
• Urban rural ratio - 31.2: 68.8 from 27.81 :72.19
• WPR - 39.8%
• From 1881
Determinant of fertility
• PESTEL
• TFR , IMR, MMR , Life expectancy , Migration
• N- S divide ,
• R- U divide
• Gender divide
• Age divide
• 1901-21 - famines stably
• Family planning indemnity scheme
• Jan shankya chaupal
• Saas bhau sammelan - MP
Demographic dividednd
Decentralization of family planning
Youth
•
• 30 % are not NEET
• Malnutrition - obesity - 2nd
• Khelo india
• Hum fit to india fit
• Drug
• Ministry of youth & sorts effort
• Mission 11 million
• NCC , NSS- nehru yuva kendra
• National youth policy , 2014
poverty and developmental
GS 2
urbanization
• 2011 -31.16%
• UN world urbanization Prospect -50% of India population -2030
• WB - ind urbanization as slow , messy , hidden
• UN Urban agenda - Habitat -3
• SDG-11 - sustainable cities
• Isher ahulawalia comi
• Madhav chitale - urban flood - desiltation of river
• Problem -Governance /admin deficit
• Lack of basic amenities - water stress , sewage , parks
• Slum growth - Dharavi - 17% urban population
• Overcrowding - traffic congestion
• Pollution - air ,water , noise - 9/10 polluted cities in ind
• Crime , alcoholism , mental illness
• Spread of disease , lack of solid waste management - eg- Ghazipur land fire oharawi distress , Indore land fill,
• Urban flood - Mumbai sewage clogging
• ULB - FFF
• Remedies - Smart cities , AMRUT, Hriday
• Rurban
• Satellite town
• Metro , public transport
• Municipal Bonds
• 2nd ARC - 6th report urban governance strengthening
• Niti - waste to energy creation WECI - Okhla-2
• PPP
• Transit oriented development
• Higher collection of property tax
• Planned city - Amravati, Chandigarh, naya raipur , navi mumbai , bhubaneshwar
• PMAY - (u) - in situ - slum development
• Waste water treatment - recycling mysore - 90% , Singapore model , Israel - 100 %
• Best practices sharing - NDMC
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